The AI and Its Issues in Vietnam: Policy, Regulation and Cases
Keywords:
artificial intelligence; Vietnam; AI policy; legal regulation; legal analysis; privacy protection; digital governanceAbstract
This paper examines the development of artificial intelligence (AI) in Vietnam from the perspectives of public policy, legal regulation, and practical application in legal analysis. AI has rapidly expanded across economic, social, and administrative sectors in Vietnam, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic, becoming an important driver of digital transformation and innovation. In response, the Vietnamese State has adopted a dual approach: promoting AI development as a strategic resource for economic growth while simultaneously establishing legal and ethical governance mechanisms to address risks relating to privacy, human rights, transparency, and accountability. The paper reviews the evolution of Vietnam’s AI policy framework, including the National Strategy on Research, Development and Application of Artificial Intelligence to 2030 and the Artificial Intelligence Law 2025. It further explores the challenges of balancing innovation with privacy protection, emphasizing the need for risk-based regulation and human-centered governance. To illustrate the practical implications of AI in legal reasoning, the paper presents a case study involving the use of AI in the interpretation of Vietnamese housing law. Through interaction between legal expert analysis and AI-generated responses, the study highlights both the potential and limitations of AI as a legal analytical tool. The findings suggest that while AI can support legal interpretation and improve efficiency in legal research, its outputs require careful verification, critical engagement, and human judgment. The paper concludes that AI should be treated not as an autonomous legal actor but as an interactive instrument whose value depends on responsible use within the framework of law, ethics, and human oversight
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